The OR values in our study varied from 1–1.4 or 1–1.5, suggesting a weak association between these SNP and digestive system cancers. However, the results are consistent with the ‘common disease–common variant’ model, which is essentially equivalent to the suggestion that alleles of low penetrance (typically <1.5-fold increased risk) contribute substantially to the genetic risk of cancers. Future large prospective studies or clinical ABT-737 in vitro trials are warranted to evaluate the SNP–SNP and SNP–environment (NSAID use) interactions on the risk of digestive system cancers. “
“Many persons infected with hepatitis

C virus (HCV) are unknown to the healthcare system because they may be asymptomatic for years, have not been tested for HCV infection, and only seek medical care when they develop liver-related complications. We analyzed

data from persons who tested positive for past or current HCV infection during participation in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 through 2008. A follow-up survey was conducted 6 months after examination to determine (1) how many participants testing positive for HCV infection were aware of their HCV status before being Carfilzomib manufacturer notified by NHANES, (2) what actions participants took after becoming aware of their first positive test, and (3) participants’ knowledge about hepatitis C. Of 30,140 participants tested, 393 (1.3%) had evidence of past or current HCV infection and 170 (43%) could be contacted during the follow-up survey and

interviewed. Only 49.7% were aware of their positive HCV infection status before being notified by NHANES, and only 3.7% of these respondents reported that they had first been tested for HCV because they or their this website doctor thought they were at risk for infection. Overall, 85.4% had heard of hepatitis C; correct responses to questions about hepatitis C were higher among persons 40-59 years of age, white non-Hispanics, and respondents who saw a physician after their first positive HCV test. Eighty percent of respondents indicated they had seen a doctor about their first positive HCV test result. Conclusion: These data indicate that fewer than half of those infected with HCV may be aware of their infection. The findings suggest that more intensive efforts are needed to identify and test persons at risk for HCV infection. (HEPATOLOGY 2012;55:1652–1661) The estimated number of persons with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection increased from 2.7 million during 1988-19941 to 3.2 million during 1999-2002.