Aim and methods: We investigated the prevalence and clinical correlates of organ damage (OD), namely carotid atherosclerosis (US scan) and urine albumin to creatinine ratio (three non-consecutive first morning samples) in a group of 164 obese patients and in an age- and gender-matched https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Cyclopamine.html group of non-obese hypertensive patients.

Results: There was a significantly greater prevalence and severity of OD in obese patients as compared to non-obese hypertensive

patients. In particular obese patients more frequently had microalbuminuria (16 vs7%, chi(2) 5.8, P = 0.0157) and carotid abnormalities (53 vs 10%, chi(2) 69.5, P < 0.0001) as well as higher urinary albumin excretion rate (-0.05 +/- 0.52 vs -0.28 +/- 0.43log ACR, P < 0.0001) and carotid intima-media thickness (0.955 +/- 0.224 vs 0.681 +/- 0.171, < 0.0001). Notably, the coexistence of hypertension

and obesity did not entail a greater prevalence and severity of OD. Moreover, after adjusting for potentially confounding factors including blood pressure levels, diagnosis of diabetes, and lipid profile, GSK2879552 cell line morbidly obese patients showed a 5-fold, and 22-fold higher risk of having microalbuminuria, and carotid atherosclerosis, respectively.

Conclusions: Sub-clinical OD is highly prevalent in obese patients, even in the absence of high blood pressure. Hypertension and obesity seem to exert an independent, possibly non-additive role on the occurrence of organ damage. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“To compare the failure rate (pregnancies) of a Pomeroy procedure and Filshie clips tubal occlusion at the time of Caesarean section.

This is a retrospective observational study done in a district general hospital in the UK. There were 290 sterilisations performed at the time of Caesarean section over the period of 1994-2007. Studied population included this website 203 Pomeroy procedures and 87 Filshie clips applications. Follow-up period ranged from 2 to 15 years. A birth register and an operating theatre database were used to identify patients who underwent Caesarean section with

a tubal occlusion. These patients’ names were checked against the antenatal booking database, the early pregnancy assessment unit database, the operating theatre database in case of ectopic pregnancies, and a termination of pregnancy database to recognise failed sterilisation.

There was no failure of tubal occlusion with a Pomeroy procedure (0/203). The failure rate of Filshie clips tubal occlusion was 1.15% (1/87) (p = 0.3). The length of the follow-up period ranged from 2 to 15 years (for Pomeroy procedure, median was 9 years and inter-quartile range (IQR) was 7; for Filshie clip, median was 8 years and IQR was 7).

Pomeroy technique appears to carry a lower risk of a failed sterilisation than Filshie clips tubal occlusion at the time of Caesarean section.