973 ng/mL) or seroSelleck KPT 330 negative subjects (0.239 ng/mL) (both p < 0.001). Table 2 Serum concentration of mutant p53 protein and

ceruloplasmin. Population N Mutant p53 protein Mean (ng/mL) CI 95% Ceruloplasmin Mean (mg/L) CI 95% Overall H. pylori positive 349 —– —– 477 435-519 HP (+) and p53 positive 286 0.973 0.847-1.098 486 439-532 Overall H. pylori negative 278 —– —– 414 366-461 Fedratinib in vitro HP (-) and p53 positive 27 0.239 0.131-0.346 420 414-433 Gastric cancer 71 1.973 0.895-2.103 763 703-823 HP, Helicobacter pylori Serum ceruloplasmin (Table 2) Of the 349 subjects who were seropositive for H. pylori IgG antibody, mean serum concentration of ceruloplasmin was 477 mg/L (95% CI 435-519). Of the 278 seronegative subjects, mean concentration was 414 mg/L (95% CI 366-461). Of the 286 subjects who were seropositive for H. pylori IgG antibody and who also had mutant p53, mean ceruloplasmin concentration was 486 mg/L (95%

CI 439-532). This was significantly higher than in the 27 subjects who were seronegative for bacterial infection (420 mg/L, CI 414-433), with t = 2.23 (p < 0.05). Correlations between variables We found no significant correlations between p53 and H. pylori antibody levels (R = 0.038) or between p53 and ceruloplasmin concentration (R = 0.139) in subjects who had anti-H. pylori antibodies. Patients with gastric cancer Seropositive for H. pylori was detected in 68 of 71 patient (Table 1). Mean serum levels of mutant p53 in the 71 patients with stomach cancer were 1.973 ng/L (95%, 0.895-2.103). Mean serum concentration selleck compound of ceruloplasmin

in this group was 763 mg/L (95% CI 703-823). The mean level of mutant p53 protein in cancer patients was significantly higher than in healthy individuals who were seropositive for H. pylori infection (p < 0.001), but higher than in seronegative subjects (p < 0.01). (Table 2). Discussion It is now accepted that H. pylori infection is a risk factor for stomach cancer. However, the mechanism of carcinogenesis associated with this bacterial infection in the stomach remains to be elucidated. The direct effects of H. pylori are certainly relevant to the induction of atrophic gastritis and cancer, and a number of virulence factors of H. pylori may have a role to regulate epithelial cell responses U0126 datasheet related to inflammation [38, 39]. Our results show that among individuals with H. pylori infection, a higher than normal number also have elevated p53 protein. There appears to be a clear association between the presence of mutant p53 and seropositivity for H. pylori; however, prospective studies will be needed to demonstrate a causal relationship between the two phenomena. The mean serum level of mutant p53 protein that we found in persons with H. pylori infection was higher than the mean value in persons without infection, and was thus high enough to potentially facilitate the development of cancer.