The average nicardipine dose was 12 +/- 10 mg (range, 2-25 mg). The mean decrease of systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure was 17.4 +/- 18.3 mm Hg, 7.7 +/- 10.4 mm Hg, and 10.9 +/- 11.6 mm Hg, respectively. There was no change in intracranial pressure. Measurement of 49 vessels in the 14 patients treated with nicardipine alone showed a significant increase in arterial diameters (range, 1-74%; P < 0.0001). At the time of discharge, 11 patients (50%) were functionally independent (modified Rankin Scale score, 0-2).

CONCLUSION: High concentrations of IA nicardipine infusion have a reversible effect on blood pressure

and heart rate. IA nicardipine results also in a significant improvement in vessel diameter in patients with vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid CX-6258 cost hemorrhage.”
“Purpose: Conflicting reports exist regarding the parameters guiding successful correction of vesicoureteral reflux using dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer. We performed logistic regression analysis to evaluate the effect of injected volume while adjusting for other factors potentially associated with success following dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer injection.

Materials and Methods: Between July 2003 and June 2006, 126 consecutive patients (34 boys and 92 girls) with a mean +/- SD age of 6.5 +/- 3.7 years with primary

Evofosfamide vesicoureteral reflux (196 refluxing ureters) underwent injection for febrile urinary tract infections. Success was selleck chemicals defined as complete reflux resolution. Age, gender, laterality, preoperative vesicoureteral reflux grade, surgeon experience, dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer volume, time to surgery from initial presentation and preoperative treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms were analyzed.

Results: Vesicoureteral reflux grade was

I to V in 7 (3.5%), 53 (27%), 91 (46.4%), 30 (15.3%) and 15 renal units (7.6%), respectively. The success rate after 1 injection was 50% by patient and 59.2% by ureter. Mean injected volume was 0.9 +/- 0.27 ml in those who had a successful injection vs 0.67 +/- 0.24 ml in those in whom injection failed (p < 0.001). The success rate after 1 injection was 78.9% using 0.8 ml or greater dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer compared to 31.7% with less than 0.8 ml. Multivariate analysis confirmed that higher dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer volume (p = 0.001), lower preoperative grade (p = 0.013), surgeon experience (p = 0.025) and treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms (p = 0.009) were associated with successful correction of vesicoureteral reflux.

Conclusions: Our analysis strengthens the previously reported association of surgeon experience and vesicoureteral reflux grade with successful endoscopic vesicoureteral reflux correction.