OBJECTIVES
To compare the efficacy and tolerance of Dermicol-P35 27G premixed with lidocaine with that of Dermicol-P35 27G injected after topical anesthesia
for NLF correction.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In a split-face protocol, 10 patients were injected with Dermicol-P35 27G/topical anesthesia or Dermicol-P35 27G/0.3% lidocaine. Patients were monitored learn more for adverse events and for pain using the Thermometer Pain Scale (TPS) and a visual analog scale (VAS). Efficacy was measured using the Modified Fitzpatrick Wrinkle Scale and the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale.
RESULTS
Patients experienced significantly less pain with Dermicol-P35 27G/0.3% lidocaine than with Dermicol-P35 27G/topical anesthesia (mean clinician-assessed TPS scores +/- standard deviation: 2.0 +/- 0.8 and 5.2 +/- 2.1, respectively, p
<.001). Patients reported less discomfort with Dermicol-P35 27G/0.3% lidocaine than with Dermicol-P35 27G/topical anesthesia (mean VAS scores: 2.0 +/- 1.0 and 6.3 +/- 2.0, respectively, p <.001; TPS www.selleckchem.com/products/hsp990-nvp-hsp990.html scores: 2.3 +/- 0.6 and 5.4 +/- 1.2, respectively, p <.001). Both treatments yielded similar efficacy scores and were well tolerated. Adverse events were mild.
CONCLUSION
Dermicol-P35 27G/0.3% lidocaine resulted in less pain than Dermicol-P35 27G/topical anesthesia, with no observed reduction in efficacy.
Funding for this study was provided by ColBar Life Science. Preparation of this manuscript was funded by OrthoDermatologics, Inc.”
“Red blood cell (RBC) aggregation is a multifaceted phenomenon, and whether it is generally beneficial or deleterious remains unclear. In order
to better understand its effect on microvascular blood flow, the phenomenon must be studied in complex geometries, as it is strongly dependent on time, flow, and geometry. The cell-depleted layer (CDL) which forms at the walls of microvessels has been observed to be enhanced by aggregation; however, details Selleckchem PKC412 of the characteristics of the CDL in complex regions, such as bifurcations, require further investigation. In the present study, a microchannel with a T-junction was used to analyze the influence of aggregation on the flow field and the CDL. Micro-PIV using RBCs as tracers provided high resolution cell velocity data. CDL characteristics were measured from the same data using a newly developed technique based on motion detection. Skewed and sharpened velocity profiles in the daughter branches were observed, contrary to the behavior of a continuous Newtonian fluid. RBC aggregation was observed to increase the skewness, but decrease the sharpening, of the velocity profiles in the daughter branches. The CDL width was found to be significantly greater, with a wider distribution, in the presence of aggregation and the mean width increased proportionally with the reciprocal of the fraction of flow entering the daughter branch. Aggregation also significantly increased the roughness of the interface between the CDL and the RBC core.