Potential complications in the endoscopic management of BGB324 ic50 PPF are empyema15 and small bowel obstruction related to stent migration.16 Empyema can be successfully managed with minimally invasive thoracotomy and laparotomy.15 Small bowel obstruction due to stent migration is uncommon and often can be managed non-surgically.16 The pigtail

configuration of the stent acts as an anchor which resists migration. Material pliability, small caliber, and curvilinear poles are intrinsic properties of the double-pigtail stent which typically allow uneventful passage of migrated stents through the gastrointestinal tract. Management of PPF requires a thoughtful multidisciplinary approach tailored to the individual patient and availability of endoscopic as well as surgical expertise. We believe our technique of EUS-guided therapy for PPF due to disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome is an appealing minimally

invasive alternative to surgical therapy. PPF is an unusual complication of chronic pancreatitis that should be recognized promptly if thoracentesis yields amylase-rich fluid. This case demonstrated effective EUS-guided therapy for a chronic PPF associated with chronic pancreatitis and disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome. None declared. “
“Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis (TB) is a serious this website form of TB, due to haematogenous spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT). Manifesting as meningitis, cerebritis and tuberculous abscesses or tuberculomas,

it occurs in approximately Oxalosuccinic acid 1% of all patients with TB, affecting disproportionately children and immunosuppressed patients. Other risk factors include malnutrition, alcoholism and malignancies.1 Intracranial tuberculomas are the least common presentation of CNS TB, found in 1% of these patients.2 They are multiple in only 15%–33% of the cases.3 Tuberculomas often present with symptoms and signs of focal neurological deficit without evidence of systemic disease.4 The radiologic features are also nonspecific and differential diagnosis includes malignant lesions, sarcoidosis, pyogenic abscess, toxoplasmosis and cysticercosis.1, 4 and 5 It is universally accepted that anti-TB drugs are essential for the successful treatment of intracranial tuberculomas but there is no agreement regarding the duration of therapy.3, 6 and 7 A 55 years old white male, ex-smoker for 19 years (6 pack-years), working as an air conditioning installer, came to the Emergency Room in May 2010 with sudden onset of diplopia. He also complained of headache, loss of weight (about 10% over the last month) and of back pain over the last year, that he thought to be related with an accident. He denied any respiratory symptom or other.