Methods: Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into the model group (n = 15) and the control group (n = 15). Rats in the model group were given 2,46-trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid (TNBS) to establish a PI-IBS rat model. Other rats in the control group were given the same amount of saline as control. Animals were sacrificed after 4 weeks. ELISA test, immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR and transmission electron

microscopy (TEM) were applied to observe the expression of IL-4 and TMEM16A and the changes of ICC ultrastructure. Results: The Elisa test showed that the concentration of colonic IL-4 in the model group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.01). Immunofluorescence and RT-PCR suggested that the distribution and expression of TMEM16A were relatively lower compared with the controls. The TEM revealed the injury of ICC ultrastructure and its decreasing connection RAD001 order with other cells. Conclusion: IL-4 may induce the injury of ICC by influencing the distribution and expression of TMEM16A, it could change the gastrointestinal motility and finally result in the occurrence of PI-IBS. Key Word(s): 1. selleckchem TMEM16A; 2. PI-IBS; 3. ICC; 4. IL-4; Presenting Author: JOHN PAULGOMEZ MALENAB Corresponding Author:

JOHN PAULGOMEZ MALENAB Affiliations: Manila Doctors Hospital Objective: Background: Flouroquinolones are the mainstay of treatment for traveler’s diarrhea (TD) but its wide spread use have led to increased resistance rates. Rifaximin, a non-absorbable antibiotic for TD caused by noninvasive strains, has significant efficacy against placebo, good 上海皓元 tolerability and no relevant bacterial resistance. Objectives: This study aims to determine the efficacy of Rifaximin compared

to Ciprofloxacin in the treatment of TD by evaluating time to last unformed stools, clinical wellness and treatment failure. Methods: Methods: Search for Randomized clinical trials were done using Medline/Pubmed; Cochrane registery, EMBASE, HERDIN. The authors appraised the trials and disagreements were resolved by repeated discussions. Outcomes analyzed using RevMan software and assessed for heterogeneity. Results: Results: Three (3) randomized, double-blind, prospective clinical trials were reviewed. A total of 610 patients were included; 354 and 256 in the rifaximin and ciprofloxacin arm. The TLUS favors ciprofloxacin (MD 3.20 95%CI [−1.58, 7.98], I2 = 41%); Clinical wellness favors rifaximin (RR = 0.96, 95%CI [0.89, 1.03], I2 = 0%); and low Treatment failure favors ciprofloxacin (RR = 1.28, 95%CI [0.50, 3.27], I = 68%). Sensitivity analysis was done due to presence of heterogeneity. Results eventually showed a trend towards the control group.

Additionally, guideline developers should continue to strive to produce highest-quality documents with compelling methodological rigor

and transparency. Whenever possible, clinical practice guidelines should highlight the need for additional research agenda to fill gaps within clinical care that have the greatest impact on patient outcomes. Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article. “
“Although the effect of PD0325901 manufacturer neoadjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer has been extensively studied, the data of survival benefit are still controversial. The purpose of this work was to assess the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery in patients with gastric cancer. We searched systematically electronic through the databases of PUBMED, EMBASE, China Biological Medicine, selleck chemicals llc and China National Knowledge Infrastructure Whole Article for studies published from 1975. Two reviewers independently evaluated the

relevant reports and searched manually reference from these reports for additional trials. Outcomes assessed by meta-analysis included overall survival rate, progression-free survival rate, R0 resection rate, downstaging effect, postoperative complications, and perioperative mortality. Six randomized, controlled trials with 781 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Odds ratio (95% confidence interval; P-value), expressed as neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery versus surgery alone, was 1.16 (0.85–1.58; P = 0.36) for overall survival, 1.24 (0.78–1.96; P = 0.36) for R0 resection, 1.25 (0.75–2.09; P = 0.39) for postoperative complications, and 3.60 (0.59–22.45; P = 0.17) for perioperative mortality. Compared with surgery alone, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery was not associated with a higher rate of overall survival or complete resection (R0 resection). It does not increase treatment-related morbidity and mortality. This meta-analysis did not demonstrate

a survival benefit for the combination of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery. “
“Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is commonly medchemexpress used as a bridge therapy for patients awaiting liver transplantation (LT) and for downstaging patients initially not meeting the Milan criteria. The primary aim of this study was to analyze whether a difference exists between selective/superselective and lobar TACE in determining tumor necrosis by a pathological analysis of the whole lesion at the time of LT. The secondary aim was to investigate the relationship between the tumor size and the capacity of TACE to induce necrosis. Data were extracted from a prospective database of 67 consecutive patients who underwent LT for hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis from 2003 to 2009 and were treated exclusively with TACE as a bridging (n = 53) or downstaging therapy (n = 14). We identified 122 nodules; 53.3% were treated with selective/superselective TACE. The mean histological necrosis level was 64.7%; complete tumor necrosis was obtained in 42.

Additionally, guideline developers should continue to strive to produce highest-quality documents with compelling methodological rigor

and transparency. Whenever possible, clinical practice guidelines should highlight the need for additional research agenda to fill gaps within clinical care that have the greatest impact on patient outcomes. Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article. “
“Although the effect of Panobinostat datasheet neoadjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer has been extensively studied, the data of survival benefit are still controversial. The purpose of this work was to assess the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery in patients with gastric cancer. We searched systematically electronic through the databases of PUBMED, EMBASE, China Biological Medicine, selleck kinase inhibitor and China National Knowledge Infrastructure Whole Article for studies published from 1975. Two reviewers independently evaluated the

relevant reports and searched manually reference from these reports for additional trials. Outcomes assessed by meta-analysis included overall survival rate, progression-free survival rate, R0 resection rate, downstaging effect, postoperative complications, and perioperative mortality. Six randomized, controlled trials with 781 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Odds ratio (95% confidence interval; P-value), expressed as neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery versus surgery alone, was 1.16 (0.85–1.58; P = 0.36) for overall survival, 1.24 (0.78–1.96; P = 0.36) for R0 resection, 1.25 (0.75–2.09; P = 0.39) for postoperative complications, and 3.60 (0.59–22.45; P = 0.17) for perioperative mortality. Compared with surgery alone, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery was not associated with a higher rate of overall survival or complete resection (R0 resection). It does not increase treatment-related morbidity and mortality. This meta-analysis did not demonstrate

a survival benefit for the combination of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery. “
“Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is commonly MCE公司 used as a bridge therapy for patients awaiting liver transplantation (LT) and for downstaging patients initially not meeting the Milan criteria. The primary aim of this study was to analyze whether a difference exists between selective/superselective and lobar TACE in determining tumor necrosis by a pathological analysis of the whole lesion at the time of LT. The secondary aim was to investigate the relationship between the tumor size and the capacity of TACE to induce necrosis. Data were extracted from a prospective database of 67 consecutive patients who underwent LT for hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis from 2003 to 2009 and were treated exclusively with TACE as a bridging (n = 53) or downstaging therapy (n = 14). We identified 122 nodules; 53.3% were treated with selective/superselective TACE. The mean histological necrosis level was 64.7%; complete tumor necrosis was obtained in 42.

Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article. “
“Background and Aims:  Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) usually manifests as either dyspepsia or less commonly with complications such as bleeding. Patients with bleeding ulcers are often asymptomatic until the bleeding occurs. A lack of

dyspeptic symptoms might Selleckchem Autophagy Compound Library be explained by impaired visceral sensory function. The aim of this study was to assess symptom profiles and compare visceral sensory thresholds in patients with bleeding peptic ulcer (BPU) and uncomplicated PUD. Methods:  A total of 30 patients with BPU, 25 with uncomplicated PUD and 32 healthy controls (HC) without dyspeptic symptoms were recruited. In ulcer patients after at least 8 weeks of ulcer treatment and an 8-hr fast, visceral sensitivity was tested using a standardized nutrient challenge with an enteral feeding solution. Five key symptoms (fullness, abdominal pain, retrosternal/abdominal burning, nausea, and regurgitation) were assessed using visual analog scales (0–100). Results:  Twenty-five of the 30 (83%, 95% confidence interval

65–94%) patients with BPU had no dyspeptic symptoms compared with none of the 25 uncomplicated PUD patients. Patients with BPU and HC had significantly lower symptom responses (BPU 127.6 ± 24.6, HC 89.8 ± 13.9) to the nutrient challenge than uncomplicated PUD patients (338.4 ± 56.2, P < 0.0001). Patients with dyspeptic symptoms (30/55) had significantly higher symptom responses (327.3 ± 47.8) than Y-27632 datasheet the 25/55 patients without symptoms (98.9 ± 23.4, P < 0.0001). Conclusion:  Most patients with BPU present without dyspeptic symptoms. Even after healing of the ulcer, patients with uncomplicated PUD have a significantly augmented symptom response to a standardized nutrient challenge compared to patients with complicated ulcers and HC. Differences in the processing of upper gastrointestinal visceral afferents may play a major role in the clinical presentation (complicated vs uncomplicated) of PUD. Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) usually

manifests as either dyspepsia or, more uncommonly, with life-threatening complications such as bleeding and perforation.1 Over the past two decades the incidence of uncomplicated peptic ulcer disease (uPUD) has MCE dropped substantially, whilst the incidence of peptic ulcer bleeding seems to have remained unchanged.2,3 Approximately 30% to 50% of patients with bleeding peptic ulcer (BPU) are asymptomatic until bleeding occurs4 even though the endoscopic assessment may reveal multiple ulcer scars suggestive of previous ulceration. Moreover, the majority of patients dying from peptic ulceration have no symptoms of ulcer disease until the presentation of their final, fatal illness.5 The mechanism of ulcer pain is still unclear. The extent and severity of erosions are not directly associated with an increased risk for dyspeptic symptoms.

I hope you will look forward to Pexidartinib in vivo it. My very best wishes to you all! No potential conflict

of interest has been declared by the author. “
“A woman, aged 36, had investigations as part of a health screen. She denied any significant symptoms. Although she is currently living in Taiwan, she was born in Burma and had travelled extensively through South East Asia. She had the dietary habit of ingestion of raw vegetables. Screening blood tests including liver function tests were normal. Tumor markers were within the reference range and she had negative serological tests for hepatitis B and C. An ultrasound study showed a large hepatic mass and this was followed by a contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan. There was a lobulated mass, 9 cm in diameter, in the right hepatic lobe that was Selumetinib price well-demarcated and showed spotty peripheral calcification. Furthermore, the lesion did not enhance in either the arterial, portal venous or delayed phases. The portal venous phase is shown in Figure 1. A liver biopsy showed granulation and necrotic tissue without evidence of malignancy. She was treated with a right hepatectomy. The mass contained granulation-like tissue with turbid yellow fluid. Histological sections revealed several unembryonated eggs, 100–150 µm in maximum diameter, that seemed likely to

be related to infection with Fasciola hepatica (Figure 2). She was not treated with antihelminthic drugs as stool specimens were negative for eggs and for Fasciola hepatica antigens. The three major liver flukes that infect humans are Clonorchis, Opisthorchis and Fasciola. Fasciola has a more complex lifestyle that includes 上海皓元医药股份有限公司 an hepatic phase as well as a biliary phase. In the hepatic phase, developing flukes remain within the liver for 6 to 9 weeks. This phase is often asymptomatic but, with major infections, symptoms can include fever, upper abdominal pain, hepatomegaly and urticaria.

Most patients also have a high eosinophil count in peripheral blood. Mature flukes in the bile duct can persist for up to 10 years and are occasionally symptomatic with biliary pain, cholangitis and pancreatitis. The development of a chronic liver abscess appears to be extremely rare but could develop because of prominent hepatic inflammation or because of an unusual chronic form of cholangitis. In the above case, the latter would appear more likely as eggs are only produced by mature flukes within the biliary system. Contributed by “
“We agree with Dr. Coombes and Dr. Syn that Hedgehog (Hh) signaling may be an important factor influencing liver regeneration, and in particular the development of the ductular reaction and progenitor cell expansion. We have not particularly assessed the Hh signaling in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Studies have shown that hedgehog-responsive progenitor cells proliferate in liver injury and accumulate in humans with alcoholic liver disease correlating with disease severity.

I hope you will look forward to selleck chemicals llc it. My very best wishes to you all! No potential conflict

of interest has been declared by the author. “
“A woman, aged 36, had investigations as part of a health screen. She denied any significant symptoms. Although she is currently living in Taiwan, she was born in Burma and had travelled extensively through South East Asia. She had the dietary habit of ingestion of raw vegetables. Screening blood tests including liver function tests were normal. Tumor markers were within the reference range and she had negative serological tests for hepatitis B and C. An ultrasound study showed a large hepatic mass and this was followed by a contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan. There was a lobulated mass, 9 cm in diameter, in the right hepatic lobe that was BAY 57-1293 solubility dmso well-demarcated and showed spotty peripheral calcification. Furthermore, the lesion did not enhance in either the arterial, portal venous or delayed phases. The portal venous phase is shown in Figure 1. A liver biopsy showed granulation and necrotic tissue without evidence of malignancy. She was treated with a right hepatectomy. The mass contained granulation-like tissue with turbid yellow fluid. Histological sections revealed several unembryonated eggs, 100–150 µm in maximum diameter, that seemed likely to

be related to infection with Fasciola hepatica (Figure 2). She was not treated with antihelminthic drugs as stool specimens were negative for eggs and for Fasciola hepatica antigens. The three major liver flukes that infect humans are Clonorchis, Opisthorchis and Fasciola. Fasciola has a more complex lifestyle that includes 上海皓元医药股份有限公司 an hepatic phase as well as a biliary phase. In the hepatic phase, developing flukes remain within the liver for 6 to 9 weeks. This phase is often asymptomatic but, with major infections, symptoms can include fever, upper abdominal pain, hepatomegaly and urticaria.

Most patients also have a high eosinophil count in peripheral blood. Mature flukes in the bile duct can persist for up to 10 years and are occasionally symptomatic with biliary pain, cholangitis and pancreatitis. The development of a chronic liver abscess appears to be extremely rare but could develop because of prominent hepatic inflammation or because of an unusual chronic form of cholangitis. In the above case, the latter would appear more likely as eggs are only produced by mature flukes within the biliary system. Contributed by “
“We agree with Dr. Coombes and Dr. Syn that Hedgehog (Hh) signaling may be an important factor influencing liver regeneration, and in particular the development of the ductular reaction and progenitor cell expansion. We have not particularly assessed the Hh signaling in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Studies have shown that hedgehog-responsive progenitor cells proliferate in liver injury and accumulate in humans with alcoholic liver disease correlating with disease severity.

I hope you will look forward to this website it. My very best wishes to you all! No potential conflict

of interest has been declared by the author. “
“A woman, aged 36, had investigations as part of a health screen. She denied any significant symptoms. Although she is currently living in Taiwan, she was born in Burma and had travelled extensively through South East Asia. She had the dietary habit of ingestion of raw vegetables. Screening blood tests including liver function tests were normal. Tumor markers were within the reference range and she had negative serological tests for hepatitis B and C. An ultrasound study showed a large hepatic mass and this was followed by a contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan. There was a lobulated mass, 9 cm in diameter, in the right hepatic lobe that was PXD101 price well-demarcated and showed spotty peripheral calcification. Furthermore, the lesion did not enhance in either the arterial, portal venous or delayed phases. The portal venous phase is shown in Figure 1. A liver biopsy showed granulation and necrotic tissue without evidence of malignancy. She was treated with a right hepatectomy. The mass contained granulation-like tissue with turbid yellow fluid. Histological sections revealed several unembryonated eggs, 100–150 µm in maximum diameter, that seemed likely to

be related to infection with Fasciola hepatica (Figure 2). She was not treated with antihelminthic drugs as stool specimens were negative for eggs and for Fasciola hepatica antigens. The three major liver flukes that infect humans are Clonorchis, Opisthorchis and Fasciola. Fasciola has a more complex lifestyle that includes 上海皓元医药股份有限公司 an hepatic phase as well as a biliary phase. In the hepatic phase, developing flukes remain within the liver for 6 to 9 weeks. This phase is often asymptomatic but, with major infections, symptoms can include fever, upper abdominal pain, hepatomegaly and urticaria.

Most patients also have a high eosinophil count in peripheral blood. Mature flukes in the bile duct can persist for up to 10 years and are occasionally symptomatic with biliary pain, cholangitis and pancreatitis. The development of a chronic liver abscess appears to be extremely rare but could develop because of prominent hepatic inflammation or because of an unusual chronic form of cholangitis. In the above case, the latter would appear more likely as eggs are only produced by mature flukes within the biliary system. Contributed by “
“We agree with Dr. Coombes and Dr. Syn that Hedgehog (Hh) signaling may be an important factor influencing liver regeneration, and in particular the development of the ductular reaction and progenitor cell expansion. We have not particularly assessed the Hh signaling in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Studies have shown that hedgehog-responsive progenitor cells proliferate in liver injury and accumulate in humans with alcoholic liver disease correlating with disease severity.

As a result, peripheral pain signals to the central nervous

system are reduced and, indirectly, central sensitization is blocked.30,31,36,37 The goal of this review is to provide an evidence-based clinical approach for treating CM with onabotulinumtoxinA. This review discusses patient selection, dosing, injection site selection, and injection techniques. Localized pericranial injections of onabotulinumtoxinA were first reported to alleviate migraine symptoms in patients with episodic migraine who had received treatment for hyperfunctional facial lines in a multicenter, AZD2014 research buy open-label study. The study found that 89% of patients with episodic migraine who were treated with onabotulinumtoxinA had complete or partial response of their migraine symptoms, including headache.38 Other, placebo-controlled, exploratory studies of episodic migraine patients (history of ≥3 moderate to severe migraines and ≤15 headache days per month) did not demonstrate statistically superior improvement in patients treated

with onabotulinumtoxinA.21-23,25 However, these trials did help to identify a patient population potentially responsive to onabotulinumtoxinA treatment. In one study, a post-hoc subgroup analysis of patients with the highest baseline frequencies of headache days (ie, ≥12 and ≤15 per month) found that onabotulinumtoxinA-treated http://www.selleckchem.com/products/GDC-0941.html patients experienced a significant mean decrease from baseline in headache episodes at Day 180 (the primary time-point) compared with placebo-treated patients (P = .048).25 These results suggest that patients suffering very frequent headache attacks may be the ones most likely to benefit from prophylactic onabotulinumtoxinA treatment. Results of 2 additional exploratory, well-designed, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials have provided further insight into which patients, dosages, and injection protocol may yield the best results from prophylactic onabotulinumtoxinA therapy.8,24 Together, these trials recruited >1000 patients with CDH (>15 headache days per month) who could have had any combination of migraine

and/or episodic or chronic tension-type headache. Baseline data from 上海皓元 these studies indicated that the majority of patients enrolled likely suffered from CM.8,24,39 Each study used a different approach (fixed-site or follow-the-pain [FTP], discussed below) and different doses of onabotulinumtoxinA (75-260 U). The primary outcome measures of these exploratory trials were not met, although improvements from baseline for the treatment groups were reported in both trials.8,24 In one trial, several secondary measures showed statistically significant benefit with onabotulinumtoxinA treatment vs placebo treatment,8 which suggested that further analysis was warranted to identify a specific subgroup of patients.

After Ethics Committee approval, we contacted 84 adult haemophilia A (HA) and haemophilia B (HB) patients, without current inhibitors, on replacement therapy (on-demand or secondary prophylaxis), regularly followed up at our comprehensive treatment centre. Seventy-one (n = 59 HA, n = 12 HB) replied to our questionnaire, which included the SF36v2 QoL assessment forms. We analysed two groups of variables: one including variables previously associated with decreased QoL, and another including variables with unclear impact on QoL (e.g. patients’ understanding

of haemophilia-related issues, economical concerns). In our population (mean ± SD age: 45.2 ± 14.7 years old), P-QoL appeared more reduced than M-QoL. P-QoL was strongly influenced by the number of arthropathies while M-QoL was primarily affected by patients’ concern of personal costs Selleck Alectinib due to haemophilia. Among this latter group, having knowledge of insurance coverage had a positive impact on M-QoL. Scores did not depend on haemophilia type. QoL was impaired in our haemophilia patients.

A simultaneous assessment of P-QoL and M-QoL confirmed the benefit of primary prophylaxis in P-QoL, while originally pointing out the major burden of patients’ selleck compound concerns and poor understanding of haemophilia-related economical issues on their M-QoL. This might become a particularly challenging issue in times of financial crisis. “
“Thirty per cent of patients with mild haemophilia A (MHA) present markedly different FVIII: C level when assayed by one-stage clotting and two-stage chromogenic assays. It is, therefore, a real clinical challenge to 上海皓元医药股份有限公司 predict the individual bleeding risk of these

patients. The aim of the present work was to study the relationship between the bleeding tendency of these patients with the results of a panel of phenotypic and genotypic tools. Thirty-six patients with MHA were included in this multicentre prospective clinical study. The severity of bleeding symptoms was evaluated using the ISTH/SSC score. FVIII:C levels were measured using an activated partial thromboplastin time-based one-stage FVIII assay (FVIII: C1) and three commercial chromogenic kits (FVIII:CR). FVIII antigen levels, thrombin generation measurement and FVIII gene mutation analysis were also performed. Our results showed that a one-stage FVIII: C assay cannot rule out the diagnosis of MHA, a combined use of FVIII:C1 with a FVIII:CR is suitable for detecting MHA. We observed that FVIII:CR results better reflected the clinical bleeding tendency of patients compared to FVIII:C1. We also observed a relationship between thrombin generation (TG) capacity and FVIII:CR of these patients. FVIII gene mutation analysis showed mutations previously reported in MHA patients with discrepant FVIII:C measurements, but with no predictive value of the individual bleeding phenotype of patients.

(4) After taking antibiotics and probiotics for a week, stool frequency, stool consistency, abnormal rates, borborygmus frequency, extent

of abdominal pain were significantly improved compared to before. Fecal serine proteases activity decreased from 12.94∼54.77 (median 25.91) U/mg protein to 1.79∼17.82 (median 4.32) U/mg protein (P = 0.03). Conclusion: (1). Fecal serine proteases are not mainly secreted by overgrown Afatinib purchase bacteria in small intestinal of IBS-D patient. (2). Serine proteases are related with the occurring of abdominal pain in IBS-D patient. (3). Antibiotics and probiotics can decrease fecal serine proteases activity and improve IBS symptoms. Key Word(s): 1. IBS-D; 2. serine protease; 3. SIBO; 4. antibiotic; Presenting Author: JEFFEY GEORGE Corresponding Author: JEFFEY GEORGE Affiliations: Medical School Objective: Portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) is an important Metformin nmr source of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with portal

hypertension. AIM -To assess the progression to severe portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) in patients with cirrhosis who were treated with maximum tolerated dose of propranalol, after variceal eradication to grade II or below. Methods: Cirrhotic patients (child A and B) presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding with endoscopic findings of mild or no PHG were followed up over 6 months after variceal eradication to assess the progression to severe PHG. Included patients were randomised to either maximum tolerated doses of propranalol (group A) or to no treatment (group B). Primary end point of the study were the development of gastrointestinal bleed, medchemexpress evidence of hepatic decompensation and death. Progression to severe PHG were compared between the two groups. Results: 56 patients (49 males) were enrolled (group A = 28, group B = 28). 8 patients were excluded from final analysis (gi bleed = 5, encephalopathy = 2, HCC = 1 including

4 deaths). 3 patients were lost to follow up, and 1 developed intolerance to propranalol. Mean dose of propranalol used was 60 mg per day. Progression to severe PHG in the fundus over 6 months was 23.8% in group A versus 15.8% in group B (p = 0.52). Severe PHG was noted in body in 14.3% in group A versus 21.1% in group B (p = 0.57). 23.8% in group A had progression to severe PHG compared with 15.8% in group B (p = 0.52). There was no statistically significant difference in the progression of PHG between the two groups (p = 0.43). Conclusion: In this short term study propranalol was found not to prevent the progression to severe portal hypertensive gastropathy in cirrhotic patients who had undergone endotherapy for esophageal varices. Key Word(s): 1. Propranalol; 2. PHG; 3.